11/19/2009

Night Fighters/Bombers/Intruders

Add night fighters (nachtjaegers), night bombers (nachtschlacht), night intruders, night witches, and Black Cats to PG/AG aircraft, particularly adding national flavor and historical detail to show how an underdog coped against enemy air superiority.
  • USSR= Soviet "night witches" (female pilots of the 588th Night Bomber Regiment, later renamed 46th Taman Guards Night Bomber Aviation Regiment) were the most famous of Soviet night bombers flying improvised stealth aircraft (wood/canvas planes returned low radar signatures), often using variations of the Polikarpov U-2 (Po-2) biplane as early as 1941, with U-2LNB the official designation of the night-bomber version.
  • US= The Douglas P-70 Nighthawk (A-20 Havoc) reached the US 6th Night Fighter Squadron in the Pacific in September 1942. US and Australian RAAF Catalina PBY Black Cat night intruders stalked the Japanese in the Pacific war from mid-1943. The Northrop P-61 Black Widow served from mid-1944 in Europe and the Pacific.
  • Germany= German night intruders raided US/British front lines in 1944-1945 to avoid Allied daylight air supremacy. Storkampfgruppen in obsolete planes began in late 1942 on the Ostfront (units renamed nachtschlachtgruppen in Oct. 1943). Westfront NSGr. 1, 2, and 20 operated Ju-87 Stuka and Fw-190 with EGON (Erstling-Gemse-Offensiv-Navigationsverfahren) radio navigation.
  • Britain= British night bombers/fighters included the Avro Lancaster, Bristol Beaufighter, and de Havilland Mosquito.
  • Japan= Japanese night fighters included the Nakajima J1N1-S Gekko (Moonlight) (Irving) and Army Kawasaki Ki-45 KAIc Toryu (Nick).
How to implement night fighters/bombers/intruders in PG/AG:
  • Night Bombers= Classify the night bomber/intruder (Night Witch or PBY Black Cat) as "submarine" with bracketed air attack (cannot initiate attack against planes but can fight back), which prevents the plane from attacking real submarines (not desired but acceptable), makes the plane immune to AA/AD (not ideal but acceptable to distinguish the surprise and stealth), makes the plane immune to "fighters" (desirable with "fighters" being day fighters), and makes the plane vulnerable to tac bombers (desirable so a night fighter is any "tac bomber" with unbracketed air attack, as if the enemy commander installed radar in his twin-engined planes to oppose your night attacks) but with an interesting cat-and-mouse evasion chance (as in, "submarine evades!").
  • Night Fighters= Night fighters, being "tac bombers" to be able to attack the "submarine" night bombers, have no special (class-related) defense against day fighters or AA/AD. Make dedicated night fighters like the Heinkel He-219 Uhu by adding 10 (?) points to air (or ground) defense (similar to infantry infiltrator unit) with related cost increase, so that day fighters (or AA/AD) attack the night fighter with greater difficulty. However, the all-weather night fighter can attack all the day planes as if it operated in daylight (perhaps meeting at dusk or dawn). Range=1 seems good to simulate attack on a blind enemy except that probably would encourage too many attacks on dayfighters.
The night fighter/bomber proposal is limited by the PG/AG program but the quirks are no worse than standard PG splitting the dual-purpose 88mm gun into two units (one AT, the other AD) and there are gameplay and historical benefits to a limited number of Night Witches, Black Cats, or 1944-45 German night raids on US units while the Mustangs sleep.

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